20dbb5f363
实现 xtrabackup + binlog 增量备份、age 加密异地存储与月度 DR 演练。 ## 交付内容 ### deploy/backup/ —— 备份容器 - Dockerfile:Ubuntu 22.04 + xtrabackup 8.0 + age v1.2.0 + AWS CLI v2 + pg_client - entrypoint.sh:初始化 AWS 凭据 / age 公钥,启动 crond - crontab.txt:全量 02:00 / 增量每 15min / DR 演练每月 1 日 - scripts/lib.sh:日志 / age 加密 / S3 上传 / 连接测试等共用函数 - scripts/backup-full.sh:MySQL xtrabackup 全量 + pg_dump 全量 + SQLite 备份 - scripts/backup-inc.sh:MySQL xtrabackup 增量 + binlog flush & 归档 + pg_dump 快照 - scripts/restore.sh:从 S3 下载、解密、prepare / pg_restore 完整恢复 - scripts/dr-drill.sh:月度演练 —— RPO 验证 / 备份完整性 / MySQL 临时容器恢复 / RTO 度量 - scripts/verify-rpo-rto.sh:实时 RPO/RTO 状态检查(S3 最新备份时间戳) - backup.env.example:配置模板(MySQL / PG / S3 / age 公钥) ### 修改已有文件 - deploy/docker-compose.yml:新增 pangolin-backup 服务 - deploy/scripts/gen-secrets.sh:幂等生成 age 密钥对 + backup.env 模板 - .gitignore:排除 age 私钥 / backup.env - deploy/README.md:容器一览 + 备份快速命令 ### docs/备份与灾备.md S3 初始化、IAM 权限设计、age 密钥管理、MySQL 权限、DR 恢复步骤、RTO 测量标准 ## 设计要点 - RPO ≤ 15min:每 15min xtrabackup 增量 + binlog flush + pg_dump 快照 - RTO ≤ 4h:月度演练度量,估算恢复时长约 2h - 独立身份账号:备份 IAM 仅有 s3:PutObject,与生产账号完全隔离 - age 加密:公钥存服务器,私钥离线保存,S3 中无明文 - 无 crontab:cron 在容器内运行,绕过 ec2-user crontab 限制 - 幂等部署:backup.env 存在则跳过,age 密钥对存在则跳过 Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
195 lines
7.6 KiB
Bash
195 lines
7.6 KiB
Bash
#!/usr/bin/env bash
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# backup-inc.sh —— 每 15 分钟增量备份(RPO ≤ 15min)
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# MySQL:xtrabackup 增量 + binlog flush & 归档
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# PostgreSQL:pg_dump(轻量,一致性快照)
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set -euo pipefail
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SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
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source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib.sh"
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TIMESTAMP="$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"
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START="$(timer_start)"
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log_info "---------- 增量备份开始 ${TIMESTAMP} ----------"
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ERRORS=0
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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# 1. MySQL 增量备份(xtrabackup incremental)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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mysql_incremental_backup() {
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# 确定 basedir:优先用最近一次增量,若无则用最近全量
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local basedir=""
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if [ -f "${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/latest-inc.txt" ]; then
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basedir="$(cat "${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/latest-inc.txt")"
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elif [ -f "${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/latest-full.txt" ]; then
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basedir="$(cat "${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/latest-full.txt")"
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else
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log_warn "[MySQL] 未找到基础备份,跳过增量(请先执行全量备份)"
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return 1
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fi
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if [ ! -d "${basedir}" ]; then
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log_warn "[MySQL] 基础备份目录不存在: ${basedir},跳过增量"
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return 1
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fi
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local target="${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/inc/${TIMESTAMP}"
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local archive="${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/inc/${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz"
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local s3_key="mysql/inc/${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz"
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log_info "[MySQL] xtrabackup 增量备份,basedir=${basedir}"
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mkdir -p "${target}"
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if ! mysql_ping; then
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log_warn "[MySQL] 无法连接 MySQL,跳过增量"
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return 1
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fi
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xtrabackup \
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--backup \
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--host="${MYSQL_HOST}" \
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--port="${MYSQL_PORT}" \
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--user="${MYSQL_USER}" \
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--password="${MYSQL_PASSWORD}" \
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--target-dir="${target}" \
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--incremental-basedir="${basedir}" \
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--compress \
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--compress-threads=2 \
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${MYSQL_DATADIR:+--datadir="${MYSQL_DATADIR}"} \
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2>&1 | tee "${target}/xtrabackup.log"
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tar -czf "${archive}" -C "$(dirname "${target}")" "$(basename "${target}")"
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# 更新最新增量引用
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echo "${target}" > "${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/latest-inc.txt"
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encrypt_and_upload "${archive}" "${s3_key}"
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rm -f "${archive}"
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# 清理 2 天前的增量目录(全量已上 S3,本地只保留最近供下一次增量)
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find "${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/inc" -maxdepth 1 -type d -mtime +2 \
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-not -path "${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/inc" \
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-exec rm -rf {} + 2>/dev/null || true
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log_ok "[MySQL] 增量备份完成: ${target}"
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}
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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# 2. MySQL Binlog 归档(FLUSH BINARY LOGS + 复制新 binlog)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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mysql_binlog_backup() {
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if ! mysql_ping; then
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log_warn "[MySQL-binlog] 无法连接 MySQL,跳过 binlog 归档"
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return 1
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fi
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log_info "[MySQL-binlog] FLUSH BINARY LOGS"
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mysql \
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--host="${MYSQL_HOST}" \
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--port="${MYSQL_PORT}" \
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--user="${MYSQL_USER}" \
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--password="${MYSQL_PASSWORD}" \
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-e "FLUSH BINARY LOGS;" 2>/dev/null
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# 从 MySQL 取 binlog 文件列表
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local binlog_dir="${MYSQL_DATADIR:-/var/lib/mysql}"
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local dest="${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql/binlog"
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mkdir -p "${dest}"
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# 使用 mysqlbinlog 工具读取当前活跃 binlog 之前的文件并归档
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local binlog_index
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binlog_index="$(mysql \
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--host="${MYSQL_HOST}" \
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--port="${MYSQL_PORT}" \
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--user="${MYSQL_USER}" \
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--password="${MYSQL_PASSWORD}" \
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--batch --skip-column-names \
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-e "SHOW BINARY LOGS;" 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $1}')"
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if [ -z "${binlog_index}" ]; then
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log_warn "[MySQL-binlog] 无法获取 binlog 列表(binlog 未开启?),跳过"
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return 0
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fi
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# 找出尚未归档的 binlog 文件(非最新一个,最新的正在写入)
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local count
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count=$(echo "${binlog_index}" | wc -l)
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# 跳过最后一个(正在写入)
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local to_archive
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to_archive=$(echo "${binlog_index}" | head -n $(( count - 1 )))
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for binlog_file in ${to_archive}; do
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local dest_file="${dest}/${binlog_file}.gz"
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if [ -f "${dest_file}" ]; then
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continue # 已归档
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fi
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log_info "[MySQL-binlog] 归档 ${binlog_file}"
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# 使用 mysqlbinlog 以 raw 模式读取 + gzip 压缩
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mysqlbinlog \
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--host="${MYSQL_HOST}" \
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--port="${MYSQL_PORT}" \
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--user="${MYSQL_USER}" \
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--password="${MYSQL_PASSWORD}" \
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--read-from-remote-server \
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--raw \
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--result-file="${dest}/" \
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"${binlog_file}" 2>/dev/null \
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&& gzip -f "${dest}/${binlog_file}" \
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&& encrypt_and_upload "${dest_file}" "mysql/binlog/${TIMESTAMP}_${binlog_file}.gz" \
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&& rm -f "${dest_file}" \
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|| log_warn "[MySQL-binlog] ${binlog_file} 归档失败,忽略"
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done
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# 清理 3 天前的本地 binlog 备份
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find "${dest}" -name "*.gz" -mtime +3 -delete 2>/dev/null || true
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log_ok "[MySQL-binlog] binlog 归档完成"
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}
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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# 3. PostgreSQL 增量备份(pg_dump,15min 一次)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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postgres_incremental_backup() {
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if ! pg_ping; then
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log_warn "[PostgreSQL] 无法连接,跳过增量"
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return 1
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fi
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IFS=',' read -ra DBS <<< "${PG_DATABASES:-postgres}"
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for DB in "${DBS[@]}"; do
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DB="$(echo "${DB}" | tr -d ' ')"
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local archive="${BACKUP_DIR}/postgres/inc_${DB}_${TIMESTAMP}.pgdump"
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local s3_key="postgres/inc/${DB}/${TIMESTAMP}.pgdump"
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PGPASSWORD="${PG_PASSWORD:-}" pg_dump \
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--host="${PG_HOST}" \
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--port="${PG_PORT}" \
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--username="${PG_USER:-postgres}" \
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--format=custom \
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--compress=6 \
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--no-password \
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"${DB}" > "${archive}"
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encrypt_and_upload "${archive}" "${s3_key}"
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rm -f "${archive}"
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log_ok "[PostgreSQL] ${DB} 增量快照完成"
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done
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}
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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# 执行
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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mysql_incremental_backup || { log_error "[MySQL] 增量备份失败"; ERRORS=$(( ERRORS + 1 )); }
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mysql_binlog_backup || { log_warn "[MySQL] binlog 归档失败"; }
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postgres_incremental_backup || { log_error "[PG] 增量备份失败"; ERRORS=$(( ERRORS + 1 )); }
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ELAPSED=$(timer_elapsed "${START}")
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DURATION=$(format_duration "${ELAPSED}")
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if [ "${ERRORS}" -eq 0 ]; then
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log_ok "---------- 增量备份完成,耗时 ${DURATION} ----------"
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else
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log_error "---------- 增量备份完成(${ERRORS} 个失败),耗时 ${DURATION} ----------"
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exit 1
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fi
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