feat(client): 列表屏搜索前置/显示字段记忆/移动端表格切换与工具栏瘦身/退出登录归位

- 库存查询搜索框移到工具栏最前（桌面）/独占首行（移动端）
- 修复入库/出库/财务「显示字段」失效：移除 minWidth 运行时强制隐藏，
  用户勾选权威、minWidth 仅作首次默认；新增 ColumnPrefs 持久化记忆（四屏独立）
- 移动端库存支持表格/卡片列表切换
- 移动端三个列表屏工具栏改 Wrap 紧凑布局、导出/显示字段图标化
- 退出登录统一到左侧导航：删系统设置内与桌面右上角下拉，桌面左侧栏底部新增

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

client/lib/screens/finance/finance_screen.dart

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import '../../providers/finance_provider.dart';
 import '../../widgets/data_table_card.dart';
 import '../../widgets/mobile_list_card.dart';
 import '../../widgets/multi_select_dropdown.dart' show ColDef, ColumnToggleButton, FilterableColumnHeader;
+import '../../core/storage/column_prefs.dart';
 import '../../widgets/page_scaffold.dart';
 import '../../providers/connectivity_provider.dart';
 import '../../core/utils/export_util.dart';
@@ -53,7 +54,9 @@ class _FinanceTabState extends ConsumerState<_FinanceTab> {
 
   Set<String> _filterType = {};
   Set<String> _filterPartner = {};
-  Set<String> _hiddenCols = {};
+  Set<String>? _hiddenCols; // null = 尚未载入本地存档（回退到 minWidth 首次默认）
+
+  static const _screenId = 'finance';
 
   static const _colDefs = [
     ColDef('date', '日期', required: true),
@@ -73,6 +76,9 @@ class _FinanceTabState extends ConsumerState<_FinanceTab> {
     final now = DateTime.now();
     _month = '${now.year}-${now.month.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}';
     _fetch();
+    ColumnPrefs.load(_screenId).then((saved) {
+      if (saved != null && mounted) setState(() => _hiddenCols = saved);
+    });
   }
 
   void _fetch() {
@@ -230,11 +236,15 @@ class _FinanceTabState extends ConsumerState<_FinanceTab> {
       ..sort();
 
     final screenWidth = MediaQuery.of(context).size.width;
-    final visibleCols = _colDefs
-        .where((c) =>
-            !_hiddenCols.contains(c.key) &&
-            (c.minWidth == null || screenWidth >= c.minWidth!))
-        .toList();
+    // 隐藏列：本地存档优先；无存档时按 minWidth 计算首次默认隐藏集。
+    final hidden = _hiddenCols ??
+        _colDefs
+            .where((c) => c.minWidth != null && screenWidth < c.minWidth!)
+            .map((c) => c.key)
+            .toSet();
+    // 列可见性只看用户选择（minWidth 仅作首次默认，不再运行时强制隐藏）。
+    final visibleCols =
+        _colDefs.where((c) => !hidden.contains(c.key)).toList();
 
     final columns = visibleCols.map((c) {
       final label = switch (c.key) {
@@ -455,8 +465,11 @@ class _FinanceTabState extends ConsumerState<_FinanceTab> {
                 const SizedBox(width: 8),
                 ColumnToggleButton(
                   columns: _colDefs,
-                  hidden: _hiddenCols,
-                  onChanged: (v) => setState(() => _hiddenCols = v),
+                  hidden: hidden,
+                  onChanged: (v) {
+                    setState(() => _hiddenCols = v);
+                    ColumnPrefs.save(_screenId, v);
+                  },
                 ),
               ],
             ),