devops: 边缘层加固——nginx limit_conn/UA 拦截/防盗链/下载限速 + jiu_redis 容器(todo #1/#2/#3)
nginx:店铺列表专属 2r/s zone、公开路径 limit_conn、抓取库/空 UA 403(OG 页 不拦空 UA 防误杀社交爬虫)、/images 防盗链(none 放行微信 webview)、 /downloads 限并发+限速。compose 新增 jiu_redis(64mb noeviction 无持久化, 仅回环);env 模板加 REDIS_ADDR。 Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@@ -10,7 +10,27 @@
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# 后端上游 = 127.0.0.1:8081(非 8080!ali 上 8080 已被 pay 项目 payd 占用;
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# 对应 /opt/jiu/config/production.env 的 SERVER_PORT=8081)。
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limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=jiu_pub:10m rate=10r/s;
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# 店铺公开商品列表专属(主爬取入口,更严)
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limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=jiu_shoplist:10m rate=2r/s;
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# per-IP 并发连接(公开路径 20 / 列表 10 / 下载 3)
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limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=jiu_conn:10m;
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limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=jiu_dl:10m;
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limit_req_status 429;
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limit_conn_status 429;
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# 抓取库 UA / 空 UA 拦截(2026-07 反爬)。刻意不封 curl/wget(运维自用、改 UA 零成本)、
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# 不封泛 "bot"(微信/飞书等社交分享爬虫 UA 不可控)。
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# $jiu_bad_ua:API 公开路径用(含空 UA);$jiu_bad_ua_lib:OG 分享页用(不拦空 UA,
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# 社交平台抓卡片的客户端五花八门,空 UA 误杀不可接受)。
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map $http_user_agent $jiu_bad_ua {
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default 0;
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"" 1;
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~*(python-requests|python-urllib|scrapy|go-http-client|apache-httpclient|libwww|aiohttp|okhttp|httpx|java/) 1;
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}
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map $http_user_agent $jiu_bad_ua_lib {
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default 0;
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~*(python-requests|python-urllib|scrapy|go-http-client|apache-httpclient|libwww|aiohttp|okhttp|httpx|java/) 1;
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}
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server {
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# ali nginx 1.24 无 `http2 on;`(1.25.1+),用 listen 参数旧语法
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@@ -40,8 +60,11 @@ server {
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root /var/www/acme;
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}
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# 商品图片静态文件
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# 商品图片静态文件(防盗链:none 放行空 Referer——微信 webview/App 直连
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# 不带 Referer 必须放行;只挡第三方网页热链。回滚=删 valid_referers+if 三行)
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location ^~ /images/ {
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valid_referers none blocked server_names 51yanmei.com *.51yanmei.com;
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if ($invalid_referer) { return 403; }
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alias /opt/jiu/images/;
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expires 30d;
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add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
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@@ -56,9 +79,23 @@ server {
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proxy_read_timeout 300s;
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}
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# 店铺公开商品列表(主爬取入口):更严的独立限流。
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# 正则 location 按文件顺序首匹配,本块必须在下面 (public|auth) 之前。
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location ~ ^/api/v1/public/shops/ {
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if ($jiu_bad_ua) { return 403; }
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limit_req zone=jiu_shoplist burst=5 nodelay;
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limit_conn jiu_conn 10;
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_read_timeout 30s;
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}
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# 未鉴权公开/登录接口:加最外层 per-IP 限流
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location ~ ^/api/v1/(public|auth)/ {
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if ($jiu_bad_ua) { return 403; }
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limit_req zone=jiu_pub burst=20 nodelay;
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limit_conn jiu_conn 20;
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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@@ -88,9 +125,11 @@ server {
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expires 0;
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}
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# 公开商品详情页(扫码跳转)→ 后端注入 OG 标签
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# 公开商品详情页(扫码跳转)→ 后端注入 OG 标签(UA 只拦抓取库,不拦空 UA)
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location ~ ^/product/ {
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if ($jiu_bad_ua_lib) { return 403; }
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limit_req zone=jiu_pub burst=20 nodelay;
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limit_conn jiu_conn 20;
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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@@ -99,7 +138,9 @@ server {
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# Flutter base-href=/app/ 会把 /product/:id 重写为 /app/product/:id
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location ~ ^/app/product/ {
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if ($jiu_bad_ua_lib) { return 403; }
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limit_req zone=jiu_pub burst=20 nodelay;
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limit_conn jiu_conn 20;
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rewrite ^/app(/product/.+)$ $1 break;
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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@@ -107,8 +148,11 @@ server {
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proxy_read_timeout 30s;
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}
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# 桌面客户端安装包下载
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# 桌面客户端安装包下载(限并发+超 10m 后限速,防几个并发拖爆小水管带宽)
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location /downloads/ {
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limit_conn jiu_dl 3;
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limit_rate_after 10m;
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limit_rate 4m;
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alias /opt/jiu/downloads/;
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add_header Content-Disposition "attachment";
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add_header Cache-Control "no-cache";
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